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中考英語總復習--形容詞副詞用法專題精講--

 尋夢的竹葉 2010-03-22
Ⅰ形容詞

  -命題趨勢

  形容詞是歷年各省市中考必考知識點。從考查形式看,一般有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運用等。所占分值通常為2~4分。從命題意圖看,側重考查考生在具體語言環(huán)境中使用形容詞的能力。

  -考查重點

  中考試題對形容詞的考查涉及形容詞原級,比較級和最高級的各種句型、形容詞作定語的位置、易混淆的形容詞用法辨析等。其中,形容詞比較等級句型、形容詞修飾不定代詞something,anything,everything,nothing時的位置,易混淆的形容詞用法辨析等是考查的熱點。

  一、形容詞的一般用法

  1.作定語,一般放在所修飾詞的前面。

  例如,It’s a cold and windy day.

  2.作表語,放在系動詞的后面。

  例如,He looks happy today.

  3.形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等復合不定代詞時,須放在其后。

  例如,Would you like something hot to drink?

  4.表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞,應放在相應的名詞之后。

  例如,How long is the river? It’s about two hundred metres long.

  5.只能作表語的形容詞:afraid害怕;alone獨自的;asleep睡著的;awake醒著的;alive活著的;well健康的;ill病的;frightened害怕的

  例如,The man is ill.(正)

  The ill man is my uncle.(誤)

  6.只能作定語的形容詞:little小的;only唯一的;wooden木質(zhì)的;woolen羊毛質(zhì)的;elder年長的

  例如,My elder brother is in Beijing.(正)

  My brother is elder. (誤)

  7.貌似副詞的形容詞:lonely獨自的;friendly友好的;lively生動的;lovely可愛的

  8.復合形容詞:snow-white雪白的English-speaking說英語的;glass-topped玻璃罩的;full-time全日制的;well-known眾所周知的;kind-hearted善良的;man-made人造的;take-away可以帶走的;ten-year-old十歲的。

  二、多個形容詞修飾名詞時,其順序為:

  限定詞(冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、數(shù)詞)——描繪詞(大小,長短,形狀,新舊,長幼,顏色)——出處——材料性質(zhì)——類別——名詞

  A small round table一張小圓桌

  A tall white building一幢高大的白色建筑物

  A dirty old black shirt一件又臟又舊的黑色襯衣

  A famous American medical school一個非常著名的美國醫(yī)學院

  三、形容詞常用句型

  1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么樣”。

  注意:這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有禮貌的),clever(聰明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懶惰的),careful(細心的),careless(粗心的),right(正確的),wrong(錯誤的)等。

  例如,It’s very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)你能幫助我,真好。

  It’s very rude of her to say such words.(=She is very rude to say such words.)她說這樣的話,真粗魯。

  It’s foolish of him to go alone.(=He is foolish to go alone.)他單獨出去太傻了。

  2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事對某人來說怎么樣”。

  注意:這一句型中常用的形容詞有important(重要的),necessary(必要的),difficult(困難的),easy(容易的),hard(艱難的),dangerous(危險的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒適的),interesting(有趣的),impossible(不可能的)等。

  例如,It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)對于他們來說學好一門外語不容易。

  It’s very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.(=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.)對于學生來說上課認真聽老師講課是非常重要的。

  It’s necessary for us to get to school on time.(=To get to school on time is necessary for us.)對于我們來說按時到校是非常必要的。

  3.表示感情或情緒的形容詞,如glad(高興的),pleased(高興的),sad(憂傷的),thankful(感激的)等常接不定式。

  例如,Glad to see you.見到你非常高興。

  I’m very sad to hear the bad news.聽到這個壞新聞,我非常難過。

  4.表示能力和意志的形容詞,如ready(樂意的,有準備的),able(有能力的),sure(一定),certain(一定)等常接不定式。

  例如,Lei Feng is always ready to help others.雷鋒總是樂于助人。

  He is sure to get to school on time.他一定會按時到校。

 ?、蚋痹~

  -命題趨勢

  副詞是歷年各省市中考必考知識點。從考查形式看,一般有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運用等。所占分值通常為2~4分。從命題意圖看,側重考查考生的具體語言環(huán)境中使用副詞的能力。

  -考查重點

  中考試題對副詞的考查涉及常用副詞的用法、副詞等級的各種句型、易混淆的副詞用法辨析等。其中,頻度副詞always,often,usually,sometimes,never,時間副詞already,yet,still,just,疑問副詞how,why,when,where,程度副詞enough,quite以及too,also,either等的用法區(qū)別,副詞比較等級句型是考查的熱點。

  一、副詞的分類

  副詞按詞匯意義可分為:

  方式副詞:well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly

  程度副詞:very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite

  地點副詞:here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home,

  時間副詞:today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still

  頻度副詞:always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never

  否定副詞:no,not,neither,nor,

  疑問副詞:where,how,why

  其他:also,too,only

  二、副詞的基本用法:

  副詞是用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全句話的詞類,表示時間、地點、程度、方式等概念。

  例如,1.We should listen to our teachers carefully.我們應該認真聽老師講課。

  2.He is very happy today.他今天非常高興。

  3.“What happened?”I asked,rather angrily.“發(fā)生什么事情了?”我相當生氣地問。

  4. In spring,I can see flowers everywhere.在春天,我到處都能看到花。

  三、常見副詞用法辨析

  1.already與yet的區(qū)別

  already用于肯定句句中,表示“已經(jīng)”;yet用于否定句句末,表示“還”,用于疑問句句末,表示“已經(jīng)”

  例如,He had already left when I called.當我給他打電話時,他已經(jīng)離開了。

  Have you found your ruler yet?你已經(jīng)找到你的尺子了嗎?

  I haven’t finished my homework yet.我還沒有完成作業(yè)。

  注意:already還可以表示驚奇,驚訝等語氣,常用于疑問句句末

  例如:Has your son gone to school already?你的兒子已經(jīng)上學了嗎?(表示很驚訝)

  2 very,much和very much.的區(qū)別

  very用于修飾形容詞或副詞的原級;much用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級;修飾動詞要用very much.

  例如,John is very honest.約翰非常誠實。

  This garden is much bigger than that one.這個花園比那個大的多。

  Thank you very much.非常感謝你

  3.so與such的區(qū)別

 ?、舠o修飾形容詞或副詞;such修飾名詞,

  例如,My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。

  He is such a boy.他是一個這樣的孩子。

 ?、苨o修飾的形容詞后可以有一個單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞,其結構是“so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”.

  such可以修飾可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞,名詞前可以有形容詞作定語,其結構是“such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”,“such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞”,

  .例如,He is so clever a boy.=He is such a clever boy.他是一個如此聰明的孩子。

  It is such cold weather.這么冷的天氣。(正)

  It is so cold weather.(誤)

  They are such good students.他們是那么好的學生。(正)

  They are so good students. (誤)

 ?、侨绻蓴?shù)名詞復數(shù)前有many,few或不可數(shù)名詞前有much,little修飾,用so不用such.

  例如,so many(如此多的);so few(如此少的)可以加可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)

  so much(如此多的);so little(如此少的)可以加不可數(shù)名詞

  4.also,too,as well與either的區(qū)別

  also,as well,too,用于肯定句,also常用于be動詞,情態(tài)動詞,助動詞之后,行為動詞之前;as well,too用于句末;either用于否定句中,置于句末。

  例如,My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher.

  =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well.

  =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher,too.我爸爸是一名老師,我媽媽也是。

  I can’t speak French.. Jenny can’t speak French,either.我不會說法語,詹妮也不會。

  5.sometime,sometimes,some time與some times的區(qū)別

  sometime:某一時間,某一時刻,可指將來時,也可指過去時

  sometimes:有時,不時的

  some time:一段時間

  some times:幾次,幾倍

  .例如,We’ll have a test sometime next month.下個月的某一時間,我們要進行一次測試。

  Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not.有時我們很忙,有時不忙。

  He stayed in Beijing for some time last year.他去年在北京呆了一段時間。

  I have been to Beijing some times.我去過北京好幾次。

  6.ago與before的區(qū)別

  ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點的“以前”,常與一般過去時連用,不可以單獨使用。

  before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成時連用,可以單獨使用。

  例如,I saw him ten minutes ago.我十分鐘之前看到的他。

  He told me that he had seen the film before.他告訴我他以前看過這場電影。

  7.now,just與just now的區(qū)別

  now:與一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時連用,意為“現(xiàn)在”

  just:與現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時連用,表示“剛……”

  just now:和過去時連用,表示“剛才”

  .例如,Where does he live now?他現(xiàn)在住哪里?

  We have just seen the film.我們剛看過這場電影。

  He was here just now.他剛才在這里。

 ?、蚋痹~

  -命題趨勢

  副詞是歷年各省市中考必考知識點。從考查形式看,一般有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運用等。所占分值通常為2~4分。從命題意圖看,側重考查考生的具體語言環(huán)境中使用副詞的能力。

  -考查重點

  中考試題對副詞的考查涉及常用副詞的用法、副詞等級的各種句型、易混淆的副詞用法辨析等。其中,頻度副詞always,often,usually,sometimes,never,時間副詞already,yet,still,just,疑問副詞how,why,when,where,程度副詞enough,quite以及too,also,either等的用法區(qū)別,副詞比較等級句型是考查的熱點。

  一、副詞的分類

  副詞按詞匯意義可分為:

  方式副詞:well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly

  程度副詞:very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite

  地點副詞:here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home,

  時間副詞:today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still

  頻度副詞:always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never

  否定副詞:no,not,neither,nor,

  疑問副詞:where,how,why

  其他:also,too,only

  二、副詞的基本用法:

  副詞是用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全句話的詞類,表示時間、地點、程度、方式等概念。

  例如,1.We should listen to our teachers carefully.我們應該認真聽老師講課。

  2.He is very happy today.他今天非常高興。

  3.“What happened?”I asked,rather angrily.“發(fā)生什么事情了?”我相當生氣地問。

  4. In spring,I can see flowers everywhere.在春天,我到處都能看到花。

  三、常見副詞用法辨析

  1.already與yet的區(qū)別

  already用于肯定句句中,表示“已經(jīng)”;yet用于否定句句末,表示“還”,用于疑問句句末,表示“已經(jīng)”

  例如,He had already left when I called.當我給他打電話時,他已經(jīng)離開了。

  Have you found your ruler yet?你已經(jīng)找到你的尺子了嗎?

  I haven’t finished my homework yet.我還沒有完成作業(yè)。

  注意:already還可以表示驚奇,驚訝等語氣,常用于疑問句句末

  例如:Has your son gone to school already?你的兒子已經(jīng)上學了嗎?(表示很驚訝)

  2 very,much和very much.的區(qū)別

  very用于修飾形容詞或副詞的原級;much用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級;修飾動詞要用very much.

  例如,John is very honest.約翰非常誠實。

  This garden is much bigger than that one.這個花園比那個大的多。

  Thank you very much.非常感謝你

  3.so與such的區(qū)別

 ?、舠o修飾形容詞或副詞;such修飾名詞,

  例如,My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。

  He is such a boy.他是一個這樣的孩子。

 ?、苨o修飾的形容詞后可以有一個單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞,其結構是“so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”.

  such可以修飾可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞,名詞前可以有形容詞作定語,其結構是“such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”,“such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞”,

  .例如,He is so clever a boy.=He is such a clever boy.他是一個如此聰明的孩子。

  It is such cold weather.這么冷的天氣。(正)

  It is so cold weather.(誤)

  They are such good students.他們是那么好的學生。(正)

  They are so good students. (誤)

 ?、侨绻蓴?shù)名詞復數(shù)前有many,few或不可數(shù)名詞前有much,little修飾,用so不用such.

  例如,so many(如此多的);so few(如此少的)可以加可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)

  so much(如此多的);so little(如此少的)可以加不可數(shù)名詞

  4.also,too,as well與either的區(qū)別

  also,as well,too,用于肯定句,also常用于be動詞,情態(tài)動詞,助動詞之后,行為動詞之前;as well,too用于句末;either用于否定句中,置于句末。

  例如,My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher.

  =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well.

  =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher,too.我爸爸是一名老師,我媽媽也是。

  I can’t speak French.. Jenny can’t speak French,either.我不會說法語,詹妮也不會。

  5.sometime,sometimes,some time與some times的區(qū)別

  sometime:某一時間,某一時刻,可指將來時,也可指過去時

  sometimes:有時,不時的

  some time:一段時間

  some times:幾次,幾倍

  .例如,We’ll have a test sometime next month.下個月的某一時間,我們要進行一次測試。

  Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not.有時我們很忙,有時不忙。

  He stayed in Beijing for some time last year.他去年在北京呆了一段時間。

  I have been to Beijing some times.我去過北京好幾次。

  6.ago與before的區(qū)別

  ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點的“以前”,常與一般過去時連用,不可以單獨使用。

  before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成時連用,可以單獨使用。

  例如,I saw him ten minutes ago.我十分鐘之前看到的他。

  He told me that he had seen the film before.他告訴我他以前看過這場電影。

  7.now,just與just now的區(qū)別

  now:與一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時連用,意為“現(xiàn)在”

  just:與現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時連用,表示“剛……”

  just now:和過去時連用,表示“剛才”

  .例如,Where does he live now?他現(xiàn)在住哪里?

  We have just seen the film.我們剛看過這場電影。

  He was here just now.他剛才在這里。

 ?、蟆⑿稳菰~,副詞的比較級、最高級

  一、規(guī)則變化

  1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est,例如,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest

  2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st,例如,nice-nicer-nicest

  3.以輔音字母+y結尾的詞,把y變?yōu)閕,再加er或est,例如,heavy-heavier-heaviest

  4.重讀閉音節(jié),末尾只有一個輔音字母,雙寫這個輔音字母,再加er或est,例如,big-bigger-biggest

  5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構成比較級和most構成最高級,例如,slowly-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful

  二、不規(guī)則變化

  

下列單、雙音節(jié)詞只能加more和most.

 

  Ⅳ形容詞,副詞

  等級的用法

  一、原級的用法

  1.只能修飾原級的詞,very,quite,so,too

  例如,He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。

  My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。

  2.原級常用的句型結構

  (1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+as+形容詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”

  例如,Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。

  Tom is twice as old as Kate.湯姆的年齡是凱特的二倍。

  “甲+實意動詞+(倍數(shù))+as+副詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”

  例如,Tom runs as fast as Mike.湯姆和邁克跑得一樣快。

  Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.湯姆跑得速度是邁克的二倍。

  (2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙…

  例如,This room is not as/so big as that one.這個房間不如那個大。

  “甲+助動詞+not+動詞原形+as/so+副詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙…

  例如,He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那樣慢。

  二、比較級的用法

  1.可以修飾比較級的詞,much,a lot,far,…的多a little,a bit,…一點兒

  even甚至,still仍然

  例如,Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。

  Tom looks even younger than before.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。

  This train runs much faster than that one.這輛火車比那輛跑地快。

  She drives still more carefully than her husband.她開車仍然比她丈夫還認真。

  2.比較級常用的句型結構

  (1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+形容詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”

  例如,Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。

  This room is three times bigger than that one.這個房間比那個大三倍。

  “甲+實意動詞+(倍數(shù))+副詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”

  例如,I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還早。

  He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。

  (2)“甲+be+形容詞比較級+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語)”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……”,含義是“甲最……”。

  例如,The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.

  =The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.長江比中國的任何一條其他的河都長。

  =The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.長江比中國的其他所有的河都長。

  =The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.長江是中國最長的河流。

  注意:The Yangtze Riveris longer than any river in Japan.長江比日本的任何一條河都長。

  “甲+實意動詞+副詞比較級+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語)”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……”,含義是“甲最……”。

  例如,Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.

  = Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上任何一個其他的同學到校都早。

  = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上其他的同學到校都早。

  = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.邁克在他們班到校最早。

  注意:Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.邁克比湯姆班上任何一個學生到校都早。(邁克和湯姆不是同一個班)

  (3)“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是兩者中較……的”。

  例如,Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two.看那兩個男孩,我弟弟是兩個當中較高的那個。

  (4)“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。

  例如,He is getting taller and taller.他變得越來越高了。

  The flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。

  He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作業(yè)越來越認真了。

  (5)“the+比較級,the+比較級”表示“越……,越……”。

  例如,The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越認真,犯的錯誤越少。

  (6)“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級,甲or乙?”

  例如,Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?哪一個大,地球還是月球?

  “特殊疑問詞+實意動詞+副詞比較級,甲or乙?”

  例如,Who draws better,Jenny or Danny?誰畫得比較好,詹妮還是丹尼?

  3.最高級常用句型結構

  (1)“主語+be+the+形容詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……的”。

  例如,Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.湯姆是他們班上/所有學生當中最高的。

  This apple is the biggest of the five.這個蘋果是五個當中最大的。

  “主語+實意動詞+(the)+副詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……的”。

  例如,I jump (the) farthest in my class.我是我們班跳得最遠的。

  (2)“主語+be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級+復數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……之一”。

  例如,Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國最大城市之一。

  (3)“特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比較。

  例如,Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?哪一個國家最大,中國,巴西還是加拿大?

  “特殊疑問詞+be+the+副詞最高級+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比較

  例如,Which season do you like (the) best,spring,summer or autumn?你最喜歡哪一個季節(jié),春天,夏天還是秋天?

 ?、?、形容詞,副詞的比較級、最高級

  一、規(guī)則變化

  1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est,例如,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest

  2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st,例如,nice-nicer-nicest

  3.以輔音字母+y結尾的詞,把y變?yōu)閕,再加er或est,例如,heavy-heavier-heaviest

  4.重讀閉音節(jié),末尾只有一個輔音字母,雙寫這個輔音字母,再加er或est,例如,big-bigger-biggest

  5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構成比較級和most構成最高級,例如,slowly-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful

  二、不規(guī)則變化

  下列單、雙音節(jié)詞只能加more和most.

 ?、粜稳菰~,副詞

  等級的用法

  一、原級的用法

  1.只能修飾原級的詞,very,quite,so,too

  例如,He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。

  My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。

  2.原級常用的句型結構

  (1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+as+形容詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”

  例如,Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。

  Tom is twice as old as Kate.湯姆的年齡是凱特的二倍。

  “甲+實意動詞+(倍數(shù))+as+副詞原級+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”

  例如,Tom runs as fast as Mike.湯姆和邁克跑得一樣快。

  Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.湯姆跑得速度是邁克的二倍。

  (2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙…

  例如,This room is not as/so big as that one.這個房間不如那個大。

  “甲+助動詞+not+動詞原形+as/so+副詞原級+as+乙”甲不如乙…

  例如,He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那樣慢。

  二、比較級的用法

  1.可以修飾比較級的詞,much,a lot,far,…的多a little,a bit,…一點兒

  even甚至,still仍然

  例如,Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。

  Tom looks even younger than before.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。

  This train runs much faster than that one.這輛火車比那輛跑地快。

  She drives still more carefully than her husband.她開車仍然比她丈夫還認真。

  2.比較級常用的句型結構

  (1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+形容詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”

  例如,Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。

  This room is three times bigger than that one.這個房間比那個大三倍。

  “甲+實意動詞+(倍數(shù))+副詞比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…幾倍”

  例如,I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還早。

  He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。

  (2)“甲+be+形容詞比較級+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語)”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……”,含義是“甲最……”。

  例如,The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.

  =The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.長江比中國的任何一條其他的河都長。

  =The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.長江比中國的其他所有的河都長。

  =The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.長江是中國最長的河流。

  注意:The Yangtze Riveris longer than any river in Japan.長江比日本的任何一條河都長。

  “甲+實意動詞+副詞比較級+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語)”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……”,含義是“甲最……”。

  例如,Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.

  = Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上任何一個其他的同學到校都早。

  = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上其他的同學到校都早。

  = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.邁克在他們班到校最早。

  注意:Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.邁克比湯姆班上任何一個學生到校都早。(邁克和湯姆不是同一個班)

  (3)“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是兩者中較……的”。

  例如,Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two.看那兩個男孩,我弟弟是兩個當中較高的那個。

  (4)“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。

  例如,He is getting taller and taller.他變得越來越高了。

  The flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。

  He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作業(yè)越來越認真了。

  (5)“the+比較級,the+比較級”表示“越……,越……”。

  例如,The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越認真,犯的錯誤越少。

  (6)“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級,甲or乙?”

  例如,Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?哪一個大,地球還是月球?

  “特殊疑問詞+實意動詞+副詞比較級,甲or乙?”

  例如,Who draws better,Jenny or Danny?誰畫得比較好,詹妮還是丹尼?

  3.最高級常用句型結構

  (1)“主語+be+the+形容詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……的”。

  例如,Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.湯姆是他們班上/所有學生當中最高的。

  This apple is the biggest of the five.這個蘋果是五個當中最大的。

  “主語+實意動詞+(the)+副詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……的”。

  例如,I jump (the) farthest in my class.我是我們班跳得最遠的。

  (2)“主語+be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級+復數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“……是……中最……之一”。

  例如,Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國最大城市之一。

  (3)“特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比較。

  例如,Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?哪一個國家最大,中國,巴西還是加拿大?

  “特殊疑問詞+be+the+副詞最高級+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比較

  例如,Which season do you like (the) best,spring,summer or autumn?你最喜歡哪一個季節(jié),春天,夏天還是秋天?

  -例題剖析

  1 I have_____to do today.

  A.anything important

  B.something important

  C.important nothing

  D.important something

  答案B形容詞修飾復合不定代詞時應放在其后面。故排除C、D,句意是“我今天有重要的事情要做”,表示肯定用something。

  2 ———Is chemistry more difficult than physics?

  ———No,chemistry isn’t as____as physics.

  A.easy

  B.difficult

  C.easier

  D.moredifficult

  答案B(not)as…as中應接形容詞原級,結合上句“化學沒有物理難”,故B是正確的。

  3.Beijing is becoming_________and__.

  A.more beautiful,more

  B.beautiful,beautiful

  C.more,more beautiful

  D.more beautiful,more beautiful

  答案C比較級+and+比較級,表示“越來越…”,多音節(jié)的形容詞“more and more+形容詞”。

  4.______ children there are in a family,_____their life will be.

  A.The less,the better

  B.The fewer,the better

  C.Fewer,richer

  D.More,poorer

  答案Bthe+比較級,the+比較級,表示“越……越……”,由句意得知“家里孩子越少,生活會越好”。children是可數(shù)名詞,應用few來修飾。

  5.The experiment was ________ easier than we had expected.

  A.more

  B.muchmore

  C.much

  D.moremuch

  答案C much可修飾比較級,easier本身已是比較級,不能再用more.

  6 Oct 15th was one of ________ days in 2003.The Shenzhou-V was sent up successfully.

  A.exciting

  B.more exciting

  C.the most exciting

  D.much exciting

  答案C根據(jù)“one of+最高級+復數(shù)名詞”固定句型應選C。

  7.It’s seven o’clock in the afternoon,but they are ______ having a meeting.

  Aalready

  B.still

  C.yet

  D.ever

  答案Bstill意為“仍舊,仍然”,這句話的意思是:現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是下午七點,他們?nèi)耘f在開會。

  8.Remember not to speak _______ when we are in the reading room.

  A.fast

  B.slowly

  C.politely

  D.loudly

  答案D“在閱覽室里不要大聲說話”,副詞loudly修飾動詞speak.

  9.“______ has this food store been in business?”

  “Since 2001.”

  A.How long

  B.How often

  C.How old

  D.How soon

  答案A“since+過去時間點”為“從過去的某一時間到現(xiàn)在”,表示一段時間,故選“how long”.

  10.———What was the weather like yesterday?

  ———It was terrible.It rained so ___ that people could _________ go out.

  A.hardly…hard

  B.hardly…hardly

  C.hard…hardly

  D.hard…hard

  答案Crain在句中是動詞,作謂語,后面用副詞修飾,hard作副詞,是“猛烈地”的意思,hardly是“幾乎不”的意思。

  -同步練習

  1.What a ____ cough!You seem_____ill.

  A.terrible,terribly

  B.terribly,terrible

  C.terrible,terrible

  D.terribly,terribly

  2.I feel even_____now.

  A.bad

  B.well

  C.worseD.worst

  3.She was very happy. She ran_____of all the runners.

  A.fastest

  B.the quickest

  C.slowest

  D.quickly

  4.Keep quiet,please.It’s_____noisy here.

  A.many too

  B.too many

  C.much too

  D.too much

  5.———Have you _____ spoken to a foreigner?

  ———No,_____.

  A.already,never

  B.ever,never

  C.yet,already

  D.ever,ever

  6.He is taller than_________in his class.

  A.any boy

  B.any

  C.any other boy

  D.some other boys

  7.I’ll go and visit you ____ next week.

  A.sometime

  B.sometimes

  C.some times

  D.some time

  8.The car is running________.It seems to be flying.

  A.more and faster

  B.more and fast

  C.fast and fast

  D.faster and faster

  9.English is as _____ as Chinese.You should learn it well.

  A.important

  B.more important

  C.the most important

  D.much more important

  10.Music is not so useful as science.It’s ________ useful than science.

  A.fewer

  B.less

  C more

  D.a lot

  11.We’ve never heard of_____story before.

  A.such a strange

  B.such strange

  C.so a strange

  D.so strange

  12.You must wear glasses.They can keep your eyes______.

  A.soft

  B.safe

  C.safely

  D.safety

  13.Pass my glasses to me,Jack.I can_____read the words in the newspaper.

  A.hardly

  B.really

  C clearly

  D.rather

  14.Three years _______,he become a driver.

  A.late

  B.later

  C.lately

  D.more lately

  15.He is ______ enough to carry the heavy box.

  A.stronger

  B.much stronger

  C.strong

  D.the strongest

  16.I bought _____ exercise-books with____money.

  A.a few,a few

  B.a few,a little

  C.a little,a few

  D.a little,a little

  17.The box is _____ heavy for the girl____carry.

  A.too,to

  B.to,too

  C.so,that

  D.no,to

  18.Do you have ____ to tell us?

  A.something new

  B.new something

  C.anything new

  D.new anything

  19.———Do you think the fish tastes_______?

  ———She cooked it______,Ithink.

  A good,good

  B well,good

  C well,well

  D good,well

  20.She played the piano_____than we had thought.

  A.successful

  B.successfully

  C.more successful

  D.more successfully

  參考答案

  1-5:ACACB 6-10:CADAB

  11-15:ABABC 16-20:BACDD

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