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關(guān)于《董仲舒記聞》

 蘅天下 2013-06-17

關(guān)于《董仲舒記聞》

(2010-09-28 14:53:18)
標(biāo)簽:

文化

分類: 雜談


                關(guān)于《董仲舒記聞》

                       文/詩亭

 

    今天中午,衡水作協(xié)宋峻梁主席給我打電話,原來是與他在一起的朋友詢問我的詩詞中關(guān)于董仲舒的一些問題,其中提到我的詞《沁園春·棘津》中的兩個(gè)詞語,一是“董子桑園”,二是棘津?!岸由@”,是董子故里的統(tǒng)稱;棘津是棗強(qiáng)的古稱。

 

附我的詞:

                 沁園春-棘津

            

    董子故里,普照曦光,百里競(jìng)芳??戳置忧?,鶯啼燕語,高樓別墅,耀祖榮光。城貌猶新,霓燈璀璨,往來川流赴小康。堪贊嘆,觀祥和盛世,再譜華章。

  高歌德政一方,招各路豪杰創(chuàng)業(yè)忙。念惠民良策,大地歡騰,百業(yè)俱興,戶戶安康。裘都展翅,名揚(yáng)寰宇,古城新韻異國香。新年始,展宏圖偉業(yè),千古流長。

 

   棗強(qiáng)作家王桓、劉鴻玉2002年曾出版《董仲舒記聞》一書,由任繼愈題簽,中國文史出版社出版。該書目錄如下:

序·····························楊憲邦(1)

                           生平思想

 

董仲舒生平····························(3)

附:司馬遷《史記·儒林列傳》···················(12)

   班固《漢書·董仲舒?zhèn)鳌贰ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぃ?5)

董仲舒年表··························· (19)

董仲舒思想··························· (35)

董仲舒理論要點(diǎn)解說······················· (49)

董仲舒著作簡要························· (70)

讀董語隨筆··························· (77)

 

                          史料輯存

 

大原書院記··························  (103)

董子祠記···························· (113)

王壽村董氏家廟························· (121)

董氏家譜序··························· (125)

遷徙茂陵···························· (133)

策村行····························· (135)

策村董子祠··························· (137)

故里董子祠記·························· (139)

董仲舒墓記··························· (142)

重修三皇廟董子祠碑······················· (144)

下馬陵記···························· (145)

董子從祀孔廟·························· (148)

詩······························· (150)

董仲舒藝術(shù)碑廊記························ (154)

 

                          著作選譯

 

天人三策···························  (159)

董仲舒說漢武帝·························(190)

楚莊王·····························(193)

玉英······························(205)

王道······························(216)

十指······························(236)

保位權(quán)·····························(239)

堯舜湯武···························  (243)

服制······························(246)

度制······························(248)

必仁且智··························· (252)

身之養(yǎng)重于義··························(257)

對(duì)膠西王越大夫不得為仁·····················(260)

深察名號(hào)····························(263)

為人者天····························(275)

陽尊陰卑····························(278)

陰陽義·····························(283)

基義······························(285)

人副天數(shù)····························(288)

五行相勝····························(292)

雨雹對(duì)·····························(296)

詣丞相公孫弘記室書······················  (301)

郊事對(duì)·····························(305)

山川頌·····························(308)

士不遇賦····························(310)

 

                          軼事趣聞

 

求學(xué)公羊“學(xué)宮”························(315)

書的分“卷”原委························(320)

棗園話《詩經(jīng)》·························(322)

河間國講學(xué)···························(326)

這里的集日···························(332)

“斤稱留法”的由來·······················(334)

金殿爭辯····························(337)

商榷《郊祀歌》·························(341)

問“鼎”····························(344)

情誼······························(349)

進(jìn)諫······························(353)

解“三世”說··························(357)

謝罪······························(360)

吊章湯·····························(369)

泰山封禪····························(376)

《太初歷》的由來························(380)

晚年踏浪故里行·························(385)

從太行山走來··························(387)

巧計(jì)······························(389)

 

后記······························(392)

 

 

  故里考證 

                  關(guān)于董仲舒的故里

 

    最早記載于司馬遷的《史記》一書,稱:“董仲舒,廣川人也?!倍偈娲媸乐H,既有廣川國,又有廣川縣。司馬遷所說的廣川是指廣川國,還是廣川縣呢?東漢史學(xué)家斑彪在論《史記》時(shí)稱,司馬遷說指應(yīng)為廣川縣,并非廣川王國。即董仲舒為廣川縣人。明代嘉靖《棗強(qiáng)縣志》載:漢世,棗強(qiáng)廣川,離合廢置,本為一也。據(jù)考,其疆域大致包括今棗強(qiáng)縣及今景縣西南角與今故城縣西北角。古漢之廣川為今之棗強(qiáng)。董仲舒故里為今棗強(qiáng)縣舊縣村處,依據(jù)如下:

  1、近年來在舊縣村發(fā)現(xiàn)“董氏宗祠”石刻門楣及其清代拓片,標(biāo)記“祥符丑重修”字樣。即宋真宗大中祥符六年,(公元1013年),重修即表示此前這里就存有:“董氏宗祠”。宗祠即家廟,乃族人祭祀先祖之所。

  2、明《冀州志》載:舊縣村西有一座“四名寺”,當(dāng)?shù)厮追Q“西大寺”。前身為董子當(dāng)年講學(xué)之所,河間國獻(xiàn)王劉德所建。該寺毀于清代末,遺址尚存,凸出地面。遍地瓦礫。村民在此挖出陶制燈臺(tái),上寫秉燭課徒,誨人不倦。為董仲舒當(dāng)年講學(xué)所用之物。

  3、董仲舒舉家徙長安。故里董氏日漸徙亡。其故居董氏宗祠毀,后人于原址建董子祠。明代萬歷三十六年(公元1608年)重修,并雕董仲舒坐姿石像(高約2米)一尊奉于內(nèi),后祠宇毀,石像仍存。1982年被定為河北省級(jí)文物保護(hù)單位。1987年重修董子祠于原址,以保護(hù)石像。關(guān)于董仲舒石像置于后舊縣村還有一段傳說,稱當(dāng)年在西山雕刻石像完畢后,要運(yùn)往董故莊村安放,但運(yùn)至舊縣村“忽重不可舉,遂置之而去。

”對(duì)此,有人提出異議,董仲舒出生于董故莊村,怎能將其石像棄之他村。董故莊村距舊縣二三里。

  4、《世說新語》記載:董仲舒有一個(gè)兒子名符起,被誤為不孝而趕出家門,投奔于距舊縣村四五里路的董仲舒好友王善有。董符起將王善有老人送終后,繼續(xù)生活在此村。明《棗強(qiáng)縣志》載,有王善有此人,但無生平文字。因“善有”音同“壽”,后此村改名王壽。后來演變?yōu)榍巴鯄?,后王壽二村?,F(xiàn)兩村95%為董姓。古時(shí),前后王壽及周邊的蘇谷,樸莊等同宗董氏,聚于舊縣村的“董氏宗祠”前祭祖,近代依然。王壽村至今藏有清代重修族譜,序稱董仲舒為太始祖。

  對(duì)于說“董故莊小學(xué)所占的三畝地就是董仲舒老家”之說,早有異議。這一帶唐宋時(shí)期的村落,盡淤埋于地下。西漢時(shí)代董故莊也難以存于地面。西漢舊縣村曾為縣治所,曾歷500年未變。至今地面凸出,瓦礫遍地。懷疑舊縣村與董故莊村本為一村,從舊縣村分離而出。但在何年代?至今尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)。

 

                    故里舊縣村介紹

 

  舊縣村現(xiàn)隸屬于河北省棗強(qiáng)縣。是一個(gè)擁有上千人口的行政大村,村中姓氏繁多,據(jù)考百家姓其村皆有。從衡水驅(qū)車往南過肖家鎮(zhèn)(就是電影平原槍聲的發(fā)生地)到棗強(qiáng)縣城,從縣城一直往東經(jīng)吉利鄉(xiāng)便來到王常鄉(xiāng)境內(nèi)。舊縣村就是王常鄉(xiāng)的一個(gè)自然村。王常鄉(xiāng)現(xiàn)在是全國聞名的地方,林秀貞的事跡就發(fā)生在這里。從吉利鄉(xiāng)到舊縣村有兩條路。一,吉利鄉(xiāng)直接往東經(jīng)倉房口到舊縣村。二,從吉利鄉(xiāng)往北經(jīng)王常鄉(xiāng)再往南經(jīng)張站村到舊縣村。舊縣村人民樸實(shí),分為前舊縣和后舊縣兩個(gè)行政村。流淌千年的清涼江就經(jīng)過這個(gè)歷經(jīng)滄桑的村莊。有水就有靈性,這里農(nóng)工發(fā)達(dá),風(fēng)調(diào)雨順,就是遇上天災(zāi),也會(huì)平安而過。村民皆說受董子之福也。

舊縣村原為棗強(qiáng)縣舊治之所,后為洪水所壞。有學(xué)者稱舊縣非縣,為一村兒,可見鼠目寸光,不知其可!現(xiàn)舊縣村存有根據(jù),棗強(qiáng)縣志繪制的舊縣村古城池圖,可見當(dāng)時(shí)繁榮。

  現(xiàn)在的舊縣村,農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)達(dá),工業(yè)昌盛。玻璃鋼、皮毛、橡膠、印刷給這個(gè)古老的村莊帶來新鮮血液,董子中學(xué)的落成更是給這個(gè)以董子故里為榮的村莊帶來新的希望。

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