g)以ay結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,將ay變成aid變成過去式 pay paid paid say said said lay laid laid h)以一個(gè)輔音字母+ell結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,將ell改成old變成過去式 tell told told Sell sold sold 2.一般過去時(shí)的用法 1)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, just now, in 1990等。 2)表示過去接連發(fā)生的一系列動(dòng)作。They played soccer and then went home. 3)一般過去時(shí)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成方法: a) 一般情況下,動(dòng)詞原形后直接加-ed。如,play-played b) 以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,直接加-d。 如,decide-decided c) 重讀閉音節(jié)+單個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,雙寫該輔音字母,再加-ed。如,stop-stopped d) 結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞,先變y為i,再加-ed.如,study-studied e) 有些動(dòng)詞變化不規(guī)則要特殊記憶。上面以給出。 4)一般過去時(shí)的句法功能 a) 肯定句:主語(yǔ)+一般過去時(shí)動(dòng)詞+其他We had Sichuan food for dinner. b) 否定句:主語(yǔ)+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他;主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/weren’t+其他 I didn’t go to summer camp. The shops weren’t too crowded. c) 一般疑問句:Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?;Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+其他? Did they stay at home? Was the bus trip relaxing? d) 特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般過去式? Where did you go? Who was ill? 3.find的用法 1) find sb doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某事 I find him reading an interesting book. 2) find sb. to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 We found him to be a good student. 3) find sb+adj/prep-phrase/n發(fā)現(xiàn)某人怎么樣或在某一種情況下 He found me a good student. I found him at home. 4) find it+adj/n+to do sth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣 He finds it important to learn English well. (這里的it是形式賓語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式) 5)find onself不知不覺地 He found himself in the forest. 4..同義詞辨析 find, find out, look, look for, look at find:找到。強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果。 find out:找出,查出。指經(jīng)過一番努力達(dá)到目的。 look:找,看。 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過程, 是不及物動(dòng)詞。 look for:尋找。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過程,for后接名詞或代詞,表示尋找的對(duì)象。 look at: 看。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過程,at后接名詞或代詞,表示看的對(duì)象。 5. 否定前綴 ? un- a) friendly(友好的) unfriendly(不友好的) b) lucky(幸運(yùn)的) unlucky(不幸的) c) fair(公平的) unfair(不公平的) d) happy(高興的) unhappy(不悅的) ? in- a) expensive(貴的) inexpensive(便宜的) b) formal(正式的) informal(非正式的) c) exact(確切的) inexact(不確切的) d) human(人性的) inhuman(野蠻的) 6. 詞語(yǔ)辨析 a) walk與on foot “步行“方式 walk與on foot都指“步行”,但用法不同。Walk是動(dòng)詞,walk to后接地點(diǎn)副詞here,there,home等時(shí),介詞to要省去。而on foot是一個(gè)表示方式,方法的介詞短語(yǔ),在句中只能做狀語(yǔ)。on foot不能用on feet或by foot替換。walk to相當(dāng)于go to …on foot,表示“走著去,步行”。 b) cool與cold“冷” cool意思是“涼快的”,既不冷,有不熱,給人一種舒服的感覺。 Col意思是“寒冷的”,給人一種不舒服的感覺。 c) hot與warm“熱” hot作形容詞,表示“熱的”,反義詞是cold。Hot指溫度很高,給人一種不舒服的感覺。Hot用作形容詞有多種含義,如“辣的”,“熱門的”,“最近的” warm作形容詞意思是“溫暖的;暖和的”,指溫度適中,給人一種舒服的感覺。 7. 形容詞的用法 形容詞就是表示人或事物的性質(zhì),狀態(tài)或特征等的詞。 a) 和連系動(dòng)詞連用:形容詞常用在連系動(dòng)詞be,look,get等的后面,構(gòu)成“主-系-表”結(jié)構(gòu),形容詞作表語(yǔ),說明主語(yǔ)是什么或怎么樣的狀態(tài)。如He is happy. b) 修飾名詞:形容詞常用在名詞前面,用于修飾名詞。如He is a good student. c) 常用表示程度的副詞very, too, so, quite, rather等詞來修飾 8. So的用法小結(jié) a) 作連詞 So作連詞,意為“因此,所以“。Because是連詞,意思是“因?yàn)椤?,常用于回答以why開頭的問句。不過,漢語(yǔ)中有“因?yàn)?。。。所以。。?!边B用的情況,但英語(yǔ)中because與連詞so絕不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中,只能用其中的一個(gè)。如 This is our first lesson, so I don’t know all your name. 這是我們的第一堂課,所以我不知道你們大家的名字。 在這里,so用作連詞,它把兩個(gè)句子連接起來,表示前一句是原因,后一句是結(jié)果。 口訣“because常來回答why,句中有so 它不來?!?/p> b) 作副詞 So用作副詞,意為“那么“,表示程度,修飾形容詞或副詞,作狀語(yǔ)。So用作副詞還可以表示強(qiáng)調(diào),意思為“非常,很”。如 This bag is so heavy.這個(gè)包如此的沉。 c)作代詞 so用作代詞,意思是“這樣,那樣,這么” 【注意】I think so. 和 I don’t think so.是日常交流用語(yǔ)。在口語(yǔ)中,對(duì)方提出一個(gè)問題,如果你認(rèn)為是對(duì)的,可回答:I think so. 反之,為I don’t think so.so代替上文提到的內(nèi)容,以避免重復(fù)。 unit 11 What do you think of game shows? 目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言:give opinions;talk about likes and dislikes 重點(diǎn)句型:What do you think of sitcoms? I love them. What does she think of sports shows? She doesn’t mind them. How about..?=What about..? Thanks for joining us. I can’t stand it. 重點(diǎn)詞組:think of, talk about, soap opera, sports show, situation comedy, game show, how about, weekend talk, a thirteen-year-old boy, hair clip, key ring, enjoy doing, thanks for doing, mind doing, show sb. sth, show sth to sb. , show sb around 七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)復(fù)習(xí)資料三1. Mind的用法 1) mind作“介意”“反對(duì)”講,為及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞,常用與疑問句,否定句,條件句中,其后可跟名詞,代詞,動(dòng)名詞或從句。如 I don’t mind cigarette smoke.我不在乎香煙的味兒。 I’m sure that he won’t mind.我確信他不會(huì)介意的。 Would you mind if I went home early?我早點(diǎn)回家你反對(duì)嗎? 2) mind作“思想”“主題”“想法”講,為可數(shù)名詞。如 Speak your mind out.把你的想法說出來。 2.how about和what about同義,用法也相同。About是介詞,后面除了名詞,代詞以外,還可以跟動(dòng)名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。 1)how/what about用來詢問或打聽情況,意思為“。。。怎么樣?”“。。。如何?”如 I am tired. What about you?我很累了,你呢? 2)how/what about用來提出請(qǐng)求,建議或征求意見,意思為“(你認(rèn)為)。。。怎么樣?”“。。。。如何?”如,How about going out for a walk?出去散步怎么樣? 3.Show的用法 1) show作“給….看” “出示” “顯示”講,為及物動(dòng)詞.如 Please show your tickets.請(qǐng)把票拿出來. 2)表示 “給某人看什么東西”時(shí),用 “show sth to sb”或 “show sb sth”.如 Please show me the map.= Please show the map to me.請(qǐng)把地圖給我看一看. 3) show someone around some place帶領(lǐng)某人參觀某地 如, I showed him around our school.我領(lǐng)著他參觀了我們學(xué)校. 4. enjoy的用法 a) enjoy后面接動(dòng)詞時(shí),要使用動(dòng)名詞形式.如enjoy swimming finish, be busy, mind, go on等詞的用法也如此. b) enjoy oneself=have a good time玩得快樂,玩得高興 Did you enjoy yourself at the party?你在聚會(huì)上玩得愉快嗎? 5.詞語(yǔ)辨析 1)think, think of, think about想 Think意為 “思考,認(rèn)為”單獨(dú)使用時(shí),think表示 “思考”;后接that從句時(shí),think表示 “認(rèn)為,覺得” Think of是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),意思為 “想起,想到”某人或某物.還有 “對(duì)….有某種看法,認(rèn)為”的意思. Think about也是動(dòng)詞詞組,意思是 “考慮”.其后面可以跟名詞,動(dòng)名詞,代詞. 2) agree with與 agree to “同意” Agree with后面通常接表示人的詞語(yǔ),表示 “贊成,同意”某人 Agree to 后面常接表示物或事的詞語(yǔ),而不接表示人的詞語(yǔ). 3)talk to與talk with 交談 Talk 通常是用作不及物動(dòng)詞,意思是 “談話,說話”. 要表示與某人談話則應(yīng)在其后加上介詞to 與with. Talk還作名詞,意思為 “聊天,談話”,如have a long talk進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)談, have a talk with和某人談?wù)? unit 12 Don’t eat in class. 目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言: Talk about rules 重點(diǎn)句型: What are the rules? We can’t arrive late for class. Don’t eat in class. Can we listen to music? Yes, we can. No, we can’t. What else do you have to do? We have to clean the classroom. Do you have to wear a uniform at school? Yes, we do. No, we don’t. You don’t have to wear a uniform You have to wear sneakers for gym class. 重點(diǎn)詞組:arrive late for class, eat in the cafeteria, wear a uniform, have to, too many rules, meet friends, after school, learn the piano, in class, no talking |
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